Serious concerns about the invasion of digital footprint information privacy due to intense commercial promotion through data mining has led to the emergence of privacy by design in the form of the Do Not Track (DNT) mechanism. This paper attempts to construct a theory to justify and find an...

This paper shows that in the short term both gold and crude oil prices positively influence each other. Interest rates have a negative influence on the future gold prices and a positive influence on the future crude oil prices. In the long run, a relationship exists whereby interest rates...

This paper uses a logistic smooth transition model to examine the impact of rising oil prices on personal consumption expenditures in open and industrialized economies. The empirical results suggest a nonlinear and asymmetric relation between oil price changes and personal consumption...

This paper adopts the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model to examine the relationship between the weekly returns of shares of the international airlines in 1996-2010. It also incorporates major international crisis events and observes the influence of different...