Critical social ensembles are generated using a decision making model (DMM) consisting of a master equation, with two-state elements at the nodes of a two-dimensional lattice. The dynamics of the DMM undergo phase transitions to either a consensus state or another state composed of apparently...

The fundamental connection between fractional calculus and subordination processes is explored and affords a physical interpretation of a fractional trajectory, that being an average over an ensemble of stochastic trajectories. Heretofore what has been interpreted as intrinsic friction, a form...

Herein we develop a psychophysical model of decision making based on the difference between objective clock time and the human brain’s perception of time. In this model the utility function is given by the survival probability, which is shown to be a generalized hyperbolic distribution. The...

Habituation is the reversible decrement in the behavior response to a novel and repeating stimulus without a corresponding change in the strength of the stimulus. Dishabituation is a complementary phenomenon in which a habituated process is revitalized by presenting a complex stimulus that is...

Most data processing techniques, applied to biomedical and sociological time series, are only valid for random fluctuations that are stationary in time. Unfortunately, these data are often non-stationary and the use of techniques of analysis resting on the stationary assumption can produce a...

This paper is devoted to the problem of statistical mechanics raised by the analysis of an issue of sociological interest: the teen birth phenomenon. It is expected that these data are characterized by correlated fluctuations, reflecting the cooperative properties of the process. However, the...

The stride interval time series in normal human gait is not strictly constant, but fluctuates from step to step in a complex manner. More precisely, it has been shown that the control process for human gait is a fractal random phenomenon, that is, one with a long-term memory. Herein we study the...

Human heart rate, controlled by complex feedback mechanisms, is a vital index of systematic circulation. However, it has been shown that beat-to-beat values of heart rate fluctuate continually over a wide range of time scales. Herein we use the relative dispersion, the ratio of the standard...

Human artifacts, ranging from small objects all the way up to large buildings and cities, display a variety and range of subdivisions. Repeating structural and design elements of the same size will define a particular scale. Most pleasing designs obey an inverse power-law distribution: the...

We present a comparison of the Fokker-Planck equations obtained by the Itô prescription and by the Stratonovich prescription for physical systems described by a Langevin equation with non-additive fluctuations. Our main conclusion is that the Stratonovich prescription is the one that should...