We develop a measure of the expected net wealth gains of pre-IPO shareholders to explain the decision-making process of IPO issuers in selecting an underwriting method. Using unique Taiwanese IPO features, this investigation tests whether the underwriters control the issue method choice (the...

This study employs five methods to calculate the VaR of twelve REITs portfolios and evaluates the accuracy of these methods. Firstly, we find that the VaR varies among individual portfolios. The Hotel REITs has consistently the largest VaR. The low-leveraging portfolio tends to have the largest...