This study examines the contemporaneous return transmission mechanism across the G20 stock market returns employing a novel R2 connectedness framework which combines the network approach of Kenett et al. (2010, 2015) and the connectedness approach of Diebold and Yilmaz (2012, 2014). The employed...

On March 25, 2020, as the COVID-19 pandemic swept across the world, the heads of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank proposed that the leaders of the world's 20 largest economies, the Group of 20 (G20), provide breathing space by suspending the collection of debt service on...