This article examines the formulation and implementation of the Segyehwa (globalization) policy in South Korea from 1993 to 2003. The policy was initially formulated and implemented by the Kim Young-sam government (1993-1998). The article argues that while much of the focus, when it comes...

The question of whether trade agreements are 'stepping stones' or 'stumbling blocks' to multilateral trade liberalization is not a new one; however, the empirical methods and the quality of the data used to address this question are continually improving. This paper explores this familiar...

Am 14. Februar wählt Indonesien einen neuen Präsidenten. Nach zehn erfolgreichen Jahren im Amt darf Joko Widodo nicht erneut antreten. Er hat eine Reformära in dem Land eingeläutet. Auch deshalb ist Indonesien seit zwei Dekaden mit jahresdurchschnittlich rund 5 Prozent gewachsen und hat...

Geographic neighbors of sanctioned countries (targets) may suffer from indirect effects of sanctions or benefit by helping targets circumvent restrictions. I study the effects of sanctions on trade among neighbors and targets using data from BACI for 2002-2022 and separately accounting for...

The Chinese Government has promulgated the "Belt and Road Initiative" (BRI) to increase trade flows and integrate goods markets between China and BRI countries. The validity of purchasing power parity (PPP) implies well-integrated goods markets, a precondition for further economic convergence,...