the fixed cost of the flexibility in the balancing rules, the overall efficiency of the gas system is decreased. Because a … offers regulated transport services and flexibility (balancing) services according to the network code and the balancing … rules. Therefore, gas policy makers should understand the role and consequences of line-pack regulation. The analysis shows …

renewable energy targets. Different balancing rules are applied to wind power among the countries; for instance, to what extent … presented for an offshore wind farm, considering the differences in the balancing rules and prices of Belgium, Denmark, Germany …, WPPs deviate differently from the expected energy depending on the balancing rules, which can impact the system …