Recent trends suggest that domestic demand alone may not be enough to explain the increase in overall demand for Canadian banknotes (Engert et al., 2019). Estimating foreign cash demand is difficult due to data availability issues and confounding factors that simultaneously affect domestic...

We present results from the 2022 Methods-of-Payment Survey, including updated payment shares based on a three-day shopping diary. We highlight long-term trends in cash holdings, management and use observed across results from previous surveys in 2009, 2013 and 2017. We also review recent trends...

We present key results from the 2023 Methods-of-Payment (MOP) Survey, including updated payment shares based on a three-day shopping diary. Results show that measures of cash management and use have remained fairly stable since 2020, along with the estimated share of payments made online. In...

Perum Peruri, as a state-owned banknote printing company, needs to do business model innovation to anticipate change in printing regulation by Bank Indonesia (BI). The finished banknotes business model is the submission of the entire process to provide end-to-end Rupiah. This research analyzes...