From a legal standpoint, there are significant disparities in treating online offenses targeting individuals, organizations, and nation-states. These disparities arise due to influences that vary discreetly based on crucial factors such as the target, motive, or impact. This article draws upon...

The number of successful cyberattacks against small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is increasing steadily, while various studies already showed that especially SMEs often lack an appropriate awareness concerning their own cyber risk exposure. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyze...