accrue to developing countries, Lee et al. (2015) (The World Economy, 38, 2015 and 1462) have found that developing country …

capital formation in developed countries but in low-income developing countries, they act as an impediment to human capital … formation. Imports have a positive effect on human capital in developing countries; however, in developed countries, the effect … of countries. For example, while FDI has no effect on human capital in developed and upper-middle-income developing …

, in IMF-supported programmes, the conditions for developing countries' transition to liberalization and open markets are … structural reforms in developing countries. We combine a rich dataset on IMF conditionality and structural reforms covering 64 … developing countries over the period 1980-2014. Through the entropy balancing method and alternative identification strategies …