This paper surveys recent research in open-economy macroeconomics, using questions raised by European economic and monetary unification to guide the topics discussed. A striking empirical regularity is the tendency for changes in the nominal exchange rate regime systematically to affect the...

This report discusses key issues around the mobilization of private capital for development. Investment requirements are huge, especially for infrastructure, climate and other SDG-related investments. External finance for developing countries stagnated in the years before the pandemic, followed...

In economics, the problematics of development and underdevelopment is a field of conceptual controversies and constant “re-comprehension,” already since classical economists’ fundamental explorations. Nowadays, especially within the particularly pressing conditions caused by the global...

Development economics emerged as a new theoretical approach that focuses on the re-construction of developing countries as the study focus on improving fiscal, economic and social conditioning. Development economics also do an analysis of developing countries from critical assessment, which...

Before moving on to analyze the different theories of economic development, it is important to look at the historical background to economic development. In that, why is that some countries are subject to abject poverty and at the same time fall into economic bootstraps like inflation? Do...