interviewed 541 passengers who used the bus in Reggio Emilia (Italy). Exploiting the high level of fare evasion (43% without a …

In proof-of-payment systems, fare evasion represents a crucial topic for public transport companies (PTCs) due to lost … framework to derive the optimum inspection level in a long time window, based on system-wide profit maximization when fare … evasion exists. The framework takes into account: (i) the refined segmentation of passengers and potential fare evaders, (ii …

randomly interviewed 541 passengers who used the bus in Reggio Emilia (Italy). Exploiting the high level of fare evasion (43 …

Fare evasion is a major problem for transit companies due to lost fare revenues and damage to their corporate images … rate is found to amount to 4.5%. The model provides empirical evidence towards understanding the fare evasion problem …