Despite some progress in economic policy – in macroeconomic stability in the 1980s, and in structural reforms in the 1990s – the MENA countries have failed to attract foreign direct investments (FDI). This may be due to several factors. In this paper we empirically verify from a panel of 72...

The activity of any participant in the stock market (from a private non-professional investor to investment companies) is associated with a certain level of risk. An effective mechanism in the context of leveling investment risks can be an assessment of the investment attractiveness of stock...

This article makes a major contribution to the emerging Belt and Road Initiative scholarship (and international economic law) by highlighting that (i)China’s existing investment treaty network along the Belt and Road is dated, (ii) many or most of those treaties include Most Favored Nation...

This paper introduces and critically analyzes an emerging form of global infrastructure development by China's infrastructure construction companies, known as "integrated investment, construction, and operation" (IICO). This model has been promoted by the Chinese infrastructure industry,...