The Equal Pay Act of 1963 prohibits employers from discriminating against employees by paying higher wages to members of the opposite sex who are performing equal work on jobs that require equal skill, effort, and responsibility. Equal Pay Act (EPA) violations usually become part of a multiple...

Why do recent male college graduates earn more than their female counterparts? The author explores this question by estimating several salary regressions using data from the 1993-94 NCES Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study. The results suggest that labor market variables outweighed...

Sex differences in labor markets are pervasive. In the United States three differences, in particular, have attracted the most attention from economists: the earnings gap between women and men; occupational segregation of women and men; and the greater responsibility of women for child care and...

We compare male and female upward labor income mobility in Germany and the United States using the GSOEP-PSID Cross National Equivalent File. Our main interest is to test whether a glass ceiling exists for women. The standard glass ceiling hypothesis highlights the belief that the playing field...

This paper focuses on the gendered effects of the current combination of industrial agreements in Australia - both in the sense of the distribution of men and women across different types of agreements, and gender inequality within agreement types. We draw on Australian Bureau of Statistics data...

This paper explores a unique new source of social valuation: a market for bodies. The internet hosts a number of large synthetic worlds which users can visit by piloting a computer-generated body, known as an avatar. Avatars can have an asset value, in that users can spend time to increase their...

We compare male and female upward labor income mobility in Germany and the United States using the GSOEP-PSID Cross-National Equivalent File. Our main interest is to test whether a glass ceiling exists for women. Conventional thinking about the glass ceiling highlights the belief that the...

Economic theories of discrimination are usually based on tastes. The huge body of empirical studies, however, considers the discriminatory outcomes that are the reduced-form results of interactions between tastes and opportunity sets. None examines tastes for discrimination directly, or...