One of the main challenges in low-income Asia and the Pacific countries is users' willingness to pay for water services. In contrast, investors and private operators in the water sector prefer a high rate of return. This has often led to the failure of public-private partnerships for water...

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) is an essential topic for business research and development policies. By reviewing previous literature and macroeconomic data, and following a deductive method, this study explains MSMEs' contribution to national development, that is, a positive...

We develop a detailed model to evaluate the necessary investment requirements to achieve affordable universal broadband. The results indicate that approximately $418 billion needs to be mobilized to connect all unconnected citizens globally (targeting 40-50 GB/Month per user with 95 percent...

Fresh water is an increasingly scarce resource across the world. To prevent excessive water usage, broad participation in appropriately priced municipal water infrastructure and services is necessary. This paper estimates the impact of improvements to water network infrastructure on the take-up...

This paper introduces and critically analyzes an emerging form of global infrastructure development by China's infrastructure construction companies, known as "integrated investment, construction, and operation" (IICO). This model has been promoted by the Chinese infrastructure industry,...

Chinese companies have been seeking to climb up the value chain by becoming investors and operators of the infrastructure projects they are contracted to build. Despite their prominent market share in Africa as contractors, Chinese companies face a steep learning curve and have sought to work...

This paper introduces the concept of spillover tax revenues, which are also known as "indirect" or "secondary revenues," or "externality effects." Based on a case study of high-speed rail in Taipei,China, the spillover tax revenues are identified using the regional tax data through a DID...