This study provides direct evidence of the value to banks arising from relationship lending by estimating the market premium placed on banking organizations' small business loan portfolios. Using data from the small business loan survey contained in the June bank Call Reports, we find that small...

US Interstate bank deregulation during the 1980s and 1990s led to larger, nationally diversified banks, and a decline in the number of local community banks. Economic theory suggests that community banks may have a greater incentive, but a lower capacity, to lend to a region following a...

Although small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) contribute considerably to Germany's carbon emissions, regional savings and cooperative banks - SMEs' most important financiers - hardly consider this aspect in lending to these businesses. However, given Germany's commitment to climate...

Using weekly confidential data from U.S. banks, we document an unprecedented flight to safety of deposits from regional banks towards large banks in the early 2023. We show that large banks experienced large deposit inflows relative to small and regional banks and that these differences remain...

During the 2010s, the number of community banks in the United States declined by almost one-third, a trend that has worried many stakeholders including communities losing their primary bank, regulators, and the industry itself. This paper provides evidence that the disappearance of community...

This study examines loan loss provisions following top executive turnovers in Japanese banks. The study differentiates between voluntary and forced turnover and inside and outside succession. The results show that incoming top executives, following forced turnover or outside succession, tend to...