We analyze a two-country economy with complete markets, featuring two national currencies as well as a global (crypto)currency. If the global currency is used in both countries, the national nominal interest rates must be equal and the exchange rate between the national currencies is a risk-...

In Q3 2019, Russia's trade surplus fell significantly due to a declining value volume of exports coupled with a slight growth in imports. Net capital outflow from the private sector was caused by the banking sector's foreign liabilities shrinking at a faster rate than that of its foreign assets....

Most trade is invoiced in very few currencies. Despite this, the Mundell-Fleming benchmarkand its variants focus on pricing in the producer's currency or in local currency. Wemodel instead a ‘dominant currency paradigm' for small open economies characterized bythree features: pricing in a...

In this article, we explain and illustrate the current account, the capital account and the financial account of the balance of payments. We illustrate the J-curve effect in relation to the Marshall-Lerner condition. The balance of payments shows the international financial position of the...

Most trade is invoiced in very few currencies. Despite this, the Mundell-Fleming benchmark and its variants focus on pricing in the producer's currency or in local currency. We model instead a 'dominant currency paradigm' for small open economies characterized by three features: pricing in a...