Many firms are making net-zero and carbon neutral pledges. In principle, these pledges should help consumers identify sustainable options, but often they do not correspond to meaningful actions. In response, both in the U.S. and in Europe, courts and policymakers are requiring firms to disclose...

Europe has just published a new Directive on Corporate Sustainability Reporting disclosure and is elaborating new European Sustainability Reporting Standards. To analyze whether companies are complying with the new disclosure requirements before the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive...