The spillover index developed by Diebold and Yilmaz (Economic Journal, 2009, vol. 119, pp. 158-171) is widely used to measure connectedness in economics and finance. Abrupt increases in the spillover index are thought to result from major economic and financial events, but formal evidence of...

Technological diversification and specialization have important roles in explaining volatility, innovation, income inequality, exports, and related concerns; however, the relationships between transportation improvement and technological diversification and specialization remains unexplored....

We develop a framework to conduct experiments for estimating direct and spillover effects when units are grouped into mutually exclusive clusters. Crucially, our framework accounts for heterogeneous treatment effects across clusters and heterogeneous cluster sizes, which are pervasive in...

The financial markets of members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have become increasingly integrated with regional and global markets. ASEAN economies also exhibit strong trade connectedness and interdependence with regional and global business cycles. Such connectedness...