Coady, David P.; De Poli, Silvia; Hernández, Adrian; … - 2023
This paper analyses the magnitude of automatic income and demand stabilization in EU Member States between 2011 to 2019 …. Our analysis finds that automatic income stabilization in 2019 averaged 41.3 percent at the EU level, with considerable … variation among Member States. While the extent of stabilization is similar across income groups within countries, the source of …