Gleditsch, Kristian Skrede; Beardsley, Kyle - In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 48 (2004) 3, pp. 379-402
Scholars argue that third parties make rational calculations and intervene to influence interstate dispute outcomes in … favor of their own objectives. Third parties affect not only conflict outcomes but also escalation and duration. Theories of …€™ influence on the dynamics of civil war. Findings show that transnational third parties often alter levels of cooperation among …