This paper presents the first analysis of the effect of teacher collective bargaining on long-run labor market and educational attainment outcomes. Our analysis exploits the different timing across states in the passage of duty-to-bargain laws in a difference-in-difference framework to identify...

From the Uruguay Rounds in the wake of signing the WTO TRIPS agreement of 1994, international trade has changed trends over the years with emphasis on strict implementation of IPRs by developed nations. The emphasis on implementation was greatly opposed by developing and Least Developed...

This report has been prepared on the basis of a detailed analytical study made on the instructions of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation supported by the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Armenia.This report provides the assessment of the macroeconomic impact of...

The Customs Union proposed for four members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)- the Free Trade Area established among the 12 members of the CIS- likely to lock those countries into the old technology of the former Soviet Union. The effects of such organizations will be especially...