Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to unveil the main changes in the UAE's policy towards Iran since its foundation in 1971. The UAE favored strategic hedging, extending its commercial and diplomatic relations with Iran, in addition to developing its military capabilities and maintaining...

Many classical liberals believe in the need for a minimal, “nightwatchman” state to provide protection against internal and external threats. From this perspective, a muscular and centralized government-run national-security state is necessary for a free and liberal society. At the same...

What effect does the provision of American vaccines abroad have on views of the US? How does being vaccinated influence opinions regarding foreign aid policy? Does the example of the US providing aid lead to higher support for giving aid in other nations? This paper seeks to answer these...

In this paper, we use a novel firm level dataset for Germany to investigate the effect of sanctions on export behaviour and performance of German firms. More specifically, we study the sanctions imposed by the EU against Russia in 2014 in response to the annexation of Crimea and Russia's...

For at least the last seven years, Lebanon has been in a deep economic and political crisis that has sparked several mass demonstrations in the heart of Beirut. Every time demonstrations were joined by up to more than a hundred thousand demonstrators with vast participation from the Lebanese...