This paper covers the interactions between competition authorities and sector regulators, formally and in practice, in the most frequent situation when the competition authority is a stand-alone body that enforces competition law in all sectors. In addition, it focuses on enforcement cases,...

Also in the digital age, markets work properly as long as consumers are well informed. What is peculiar of the digital age is that consumers have become very fragile, also because firms can extensively manipulate the information that they produce and distribute to markets. Antitrust authorities...

While it is not clear from Christensen, Hail, and Leuz (2016), the market abuse rules they examine are the same as in Cumming, Johan, and Li (2011), with a difference in focus on the date: Christensen et al. (2016) pick the date the regulations were signed into law, while Cumming et al. (2011)...

The German Federal Cartel Office and the Austrian Federal Competition Authority have recently published a draft "Guidance on Transaction Value Thresholds for Mandatory Pre-merger Notification (Section 35(1a) GWB and Section 9(4) KartG)" for public consultation. Prof. Dr. Christian Kersting,...

This paper considers the recent literature on firm markups in light of both new and classic work in the field of Industrial Organization. We detail the shortcomings of papers that rely on discredited approaches from the “structure-conduct-performance” literature. In contrast, papers based on...

Accumulating evidence points to the need for more vigorous antitrust enforcement in the United States in three areas. First, stricter merger control is warranted in an economy where large, highly efficient and profitable “superstar” firms account for an increasing share of economic activity....

Mergers may lead to certain competitive harms that are prohibited by virtually every merger control regime in the world. To avoid the outright prohibition of a transaction that is expected to both raise several competition concerns and create pro-competitive efficiencies, the transaction may be...

An international economic order began to develop at the beginning of the 20th century, with the increasing cross-border integration of national economies and the emergence of foreign direct investments. The scale of worldwide technological progress and continuing commercial advancements at the...