We study liquidity provision by competitive high-frequency trading firms (HFTs) in a dynamic trading model with private information. Liquidity providers face adverse selection risk from trading with privately informed investors and from trading with other HFTs that engage in latency arbitrage...

We provide empirical evidence within the context of cryptocurrency markets that the returns from liquidity provision, proxied by the returns of a short-term reversal strategy, are primarily concentrated in trading pairs with lower levels of market activity. Empirically, we focus on a moderately...

This paper examines whether larger tick sizes improve or hinder price efficiency using data from implementing and terminating the Tick Size Pilot Program (TSP). We show that the TSP led to increases in various liquidity measures, and its termination restored them to their pre-TSP levels. We also...

Theoretical predictions about market liquidity are usually hard to test empirically because they are expressed in terms of hard-to-observe quantities. We bridge the gap between theory and practice by adding ameta-model comprised of several generic equations shared by most models. The approach...

We study why widely used low-frequency liquidity cost estimators based on high, low, and close prices perform well in some markets and poorly in others, often yield negative or indeterminate estimates, and how to quantify estimation bias empirically. Using the high-low spread estimator as our...