This paper develops a general model that addresses the starting point bias in the dichotomous choice evaluation data by incorporating both the anchoring effect and yea-saying bias. The model is applied to a contingent valuation study that evaluated the health benefits of air quality improvement...

Inferences about a proportion p are often based on data generated from dichotomous processes, which are generally modeled as processes that are Bernoulli in p. In reality, the assumption that a data-generating process is Bernoulli in p is often violated due to the presence of noise. The level of...