expected cost and cost variability and, subsequently, learns the realized cost as well. As the principal's marginal surplus … inefficient types, and to misrepresent the cost variability relative to the expected cost. When the principal's knowledge … imperfection about the cost variability is sufficiently less important than that about the expected cost, quantities are pooled …

of shortage. Some general properties for the expected cost are derived under weak assumptions about the backorder rate … function. When the backorder rate is a linear function, some sufficient conditions for the global convexity of the expected … cost are derived. A sufficient condition for the local concavity of this function is also provided. Numerical examples are …

manager’s long run expected cost (LREC) of orchard management per unit time. Finally, we show that when confronted with a …

manager’s long run expected cost (LREC) of orchard management per unit time. Finally, we show that when confronted with a …

manager’s long run expected cost (LREC) of orchard management per unit time. Finally, we show that when confronted with a …

manager’s long run expected cost (LREC) of orchard management per unit time. Finally, we show that when confronted with a …