Ecologists have observed that environmental noise affects population variance in the logistic equation for one-species growth. Interactions between deterministic and stochastic dynamics in a one-dimensional system result in increased variance in species population density over time. Since...

Larval Macrostemum carolina caddisflies construct silken catchnets within protective retreats, often on submerged trees and branches (i.e., snags). In the Savannah River, M. carolina larvae construct three distinct retreats that differ in the configuration of the water entrance hole: (1) at the...

Large-dominant and small-subordinate species engaging in asymmetric interference competition may optimize behavior under different trade-offs between the chance of winning and the cost of fighting. If fighting behavior is heritable and under selection, theory suggests that large-dominant and...