COVID-19 has fundamentally changed lives across Canada. This change may be most pronounced in Canada’s major cities and for public transit operators. Public transit is the essential component that enables the benefits of people coming together. These wider economic benefits – what economists...

Subsidization of urban public transportation systems is often motivated by economies of scale and second-best considerations such as an underpriced road alternative. We model a public transit line subject to frictions between users, users and vehicles, and vehicles. We derive the profit- and...

This paper considers the impact of the introduction of a metro network in the Copenhagen metropolitan area. Using travel surveys from years before and after the opening of the metro network, we observe a significant change in travel times, speeds and mode choice for commutes that can completely...

In the last years, sustainable travels have included bike tourists visiting cities to enjoy cultural and urban environments. Yet, when considering cycling tourists' intra-destination trips by motorized vehicles, the extent of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could reduce the sustainability of...

This paper examines the consequences of the commuter transport revolution on working-class labour markets in London, circa 1930. Using GIS-based data constructed from the New Survey of London Life and Labour , we examine the extent of commuting and estimate the earnings returns to commuting. We...