Waste production is growing in most communities due to population expansion. Given the stated issue, managing the Solid Waste (SW) created worldwide would be vital. Effective Waste Management (WM) is essential to preserving the environment and lowering pollution. It aids in resource...

This paper studies the availability of post-consumer steel scrap in Europe until 2050. We introduce the indicator potentially available domestic post-consumer scrap (PADPS) which measures the amount of (steel) scrap from obsolete products available for recycling, prior to trade in scrap. We...

We consider a problem of collecting and processing waste material. At a production facility, every period, a known amount of inventory is required for production (e.g., paper). Instead of new material, the facility relies on collected and processed waste material (e.g., paper waste). This...