Sowula, Jakub; Gehrig, Franziska; Scruggs, Lyle A.; … - 2023 - Revised in December 2023
This article highlights the limitations of unidimensional analyses in the comparative welfare state literature and … emphasises the need for a more holistic, multidimensional approach incorporating social spending, welfare state outputs, and … outcomes. To illustrate the utility of a multidimensional approach, we examine the long-term welfare state trajectories of …