A concerted worldwide effort to reach the goals of the Paris Agreement, i.e., climate stabilisation to well below +2°C above pre-industrial levels, and decarbonisation until mid-century, brings about a substantial increase in raw material demand for clean energy technologies. Yet, energy...

This article investigates the modelling of the convenience yield in the European carbon market by using daily and intradaily measures of volatility. The convenience yield stems from differences in spot and futures prices, and can explain why firms hold inventories. The main findings are that (i)...