exchanging ideas, solving work-related problems, generating new knowledge …

) from upper-tail knowledge. As a proxy for the historical presence of knowledge elites, we use city-level subscriptions to … firm survey from the 1840s, we shed light on the mechanism: upper-tail knowledge raised productivity in innovative …

relating to patenting, robust conclusions regarding the empirical consequences for technological innovation of changes in …

various dimensions of upgrading --- learning, quality upgrading, technology adoption, and product innovation. The second part …

, and reallocation of capital. This finding applies mainly for obsolescence of core innovation and embodied innovation, and … profits of obsolescent firms. The measure contains incremental information about firm innovation relative to measures focusing … on new innovation …

overwhelmed by technological and regulation-induced innovation …

, despite sustained progress in scientific knowledge, recent productivity growth in the U.S. has been disappointing. We review … major changes in the American innovation ecosystem over the past century. The past three decades have been marked by a … growing division of labor between universities focusing on research and large corporations focusing on development. Knowledge …