The lack of human capital in Portugal has become a key obstacle to higher growth. This paper discusses the performance … of education and training services in Portugal and shows that improvements are needed to narrow the significant human … of the services that compound the low starting point of Portugal regarding education. Modernizing the Portuguese economy …

Hierarchies allow individuals to leverage their knowledge through others' time. This mechanism increases productivity … and organization of U.S. lawyers and use the equilibrium model of knowledge hierarchies in Garicano and Rossi …

We study the relationships between corporate R&D and three components of public science: knowledge, human capital, and … established firms, which account for more than three-quarters of business R&D, is affected by scientific knowledge produced by … innovation in firms. However, inventions from universities and public research institutes substitute for corporate inventions and …

and Sweden experience the lowest earnings declines following job displacement, while workers in Italy, Spain, and Portugal …

often pay a wage premium (or wage cushion) to individual workers. We use administrative data from Portugal, linked to …

travel for technology sourcing and innovation by examining whether patenting in European regions is affected by the number of … Travelers, we find that controlling for a region's R&D spending and size, innovation is increasing in the number of business …, compared to Portugal's Algarve region …

This paper considers the effects of Chinese import competition on firm-level labor market outcomes in Portugal. We … examine direct competition in the Portuguese market and indirect competition Portugal's largest export markets in Western … export markets, but minimal effects of direct competition in Portugal. Our findings also suggest a centrally important role …

data from Portugal, a country which implemented one of the most dramatic and thorough policies of entry deregulation in the …