– proxied by R&D expenditure and the number of new patents – across 19 OECD countries. The relationship between innovation … influencing the returns to new knowledge. The results establish an empirical link between R&D and patenting, as well as between … these measures of innovation intensity and MFP growth. Innovation-specific policies such as R&D tax incentives, direct …

Structural transformation towards a more knowledge-based economy will strengthen Spain’s medium-term growth prospects … innovation. Spain has done well in reducing the carbon emissions intensity of GDP growth but will need to do more to meet future …’insuffisance de l’innovation. L’Espagne a obtenu de bons résultats pour ce qui est de la réduction de l’intensité en émissions de …