-2004 through the use of the fourth Portuguese Community Innovation Survey. We estimated several Knowledge Production Functions … assuming that knowledge outputs result from the combination of some knowledge inputs with the flow of ideas coming from … existing stock of knowledge. We found that more internationally exposed firms create more knowledge output, than their domestic …

public research investment thereby fostering regional economic development. That is because knowledge-based goods and … services are highly valuated by consumers and the TIF can increase the rate of innovation in the economy as a whole. Thus, the …&D projects are sponsored by public authorities as an effort to link universities to industrial innovation. This investigation …