throughout their lives, parents' initial skills and skill growth rates are equally important determinants of children's skills … lower for children born to younger fathers … transmission of these factors explains up to 40% of children's skill variation. Skills become a more important determinant of …

fixed effect instrumental variables strategy to estimate the causal effect of income on children's math and reading … that is difficult to answer due to the potential endogeneity of family income. Past estimates of the effect of family … income on child development have often been plagued by omitted variable bias and measurement error. In this paper, we use a …

developing and persistent gaps in child achievement by family income and the importance of adolescent skill levels for … family income, we study four leading mechanisms thought to explain these gaps: an intergenerational correlation in ability, a … mechanisms influence family investments in children, we evaluate the extent to which these mechanisms also explain other …