“What is the contribution of economic openness and the domestic economy to income?” is tested using quantity measures …

similar experiment with preschool children to assess their attitudes toward risk and found the children, like the monkeys, to … that though emotional states and predetermined prenatal testosterone can influence children’s preferences toward risk …

of self-control and 2D:4D digit ratio. Children with low 2D:4D digit ratio are less likely to delay gratification. Low 2D … testosterone children are less likely to delay gratification. …

We show that preschoolers exhibit the endowment effect as evidenced by experiments where children generally chose to … children’s innate psychobiological traits—emotional state, gender, handedness, and digit ratio. The trials were conducted with … 141 children across 6 kindergartens. We also found support that children, like adults, exhibit a preference for physical …