definitions of middle-class using data from the 2007 World Gallup Poll. Seven objective income-based definitions of social class … fact that self-perceived social status is associated not just with income, but also with personal capabilities …

. Seven objective income-based definitions of social class are contrasted with a self-perceived social status measure … incomes. Mismatches arise because self-perceived social status is associated not just with income, but also with personal …

caught in a vicious circle. They lack sufficient access to education, credit and other means to generate income, so they earn … lower wages, which in turn prevents them from accumulating the assets they need to increase future income. The authors … analyze the ownership and use of income-generating assets, as well as access to them. Where there are market imperfections …

This paper uses the National Longitudinal Surveys (NLS), the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), and the General … Social Survey (GSS) to measure the elasticity of family income on men’s adult earnings in 1980 and the early 1990s. The study … finds a large and statistically significant increase in the importance of family income over time when comparing cohorts in …

caught in a vicious circle. They lack sufficient access to education, credit and other means to generate income, so they earn … lower wages, which in turn prevents them from accumulating the assets they need to increase future income. The authors … analyze the ownership and use of income-generating assets, as well as access to them. Where there are market imperfections …