This paper examines the impact of potential fetal malnutrition on the academic proficiency of Muslim students in … pregnant. In some of our specifications, we use a sample of students from predominantly non-Muslim countries as an additional … achievement scores of Muslim students, especially females. Our analysis further reveals that most of these effects are …

that students in face-to-face courses perform better than their online counterparts with respect to their grades, the … grading. While these developments led to an increase in grades for all students overall, those who began Spring 2020 in face … with better broadband technology is associated with a larger increase in grades among students who had to switch from in …

disadvantaged students. Finally, results from supplementary analyses suggest that these deleterious effects faded out in subsequent …

disadvantaged parents from welfare to work. Although previous empirical studies consistently show that these employment … estimates suggest that children receiving subsidized care in the year before kindergarten score lower on tests of cognitive … time children reach the end of third grade. Our results point to an unintended consequence of a child care subsidy regime …

the impact of subsidy receipt on low-income children's weight outcomes in the fall and spring of kindergarten. The goals …. However, little is known about the influence of these policies on children's health and well-being. In this paper, we study … subsidy receipt has heterogeneous effects on children's weight at different points in the BMI distribution. Results suggest …

parents to purchase high-quality child care. Consequently, there are reasons to be concerned about the implications of child … that subsidized children are more likely to receive intense exposure to low-quality child care …