special-need students, groups that charter critics have argued are typically under-served. The results show overall gains of 0 ….35 standard deviations in math and 0.12 standard deviations in reading for each year spent at KIPP Lynn. LEP students, special … education students, and those with low baseline scores benefit more from time spent at KIPP than do other students, with reading …

Using longitudinal elementary school teacher and student data, we document that students have larger test score gains … within-teacher variation, we further show that a teacher's students have larger achievement gains in math and reading when …