special-need students, groups that charter critics have argued are typically under-served. The results show overall gains of 0 ….35 standard deviations in math and 0.12 standard deviations in reading for each year spent at KIPP Lynn. LEP students, special … education students, and those with low baseline scores benefit more from time spent at KIPP than do other students, with reading …

comprehensive high schools into small schools with roughly 100 students per grade. We use assignment lotteries embedded in New York … attendance causes a substantial increase in college enrollment, with a marked shift to CUNY institutions. Students are also less … likely to require remediation in reading and writing when at college. Detailed school surveys indicate that students at small …