“What is the contribution of economic openness and the domestic economy to income?” is tested using quantity measures …

rate and white income levels, whereas black migration should be a function of black unemployment rates and black income … per recipient (arguably because such states do less income redistribution) whereas black migrants prefer to move to higher … welfare states (where the welfare serves as a form of higher income and/or a form of higher unemployment insurance). …

living cost level is found to be an increasing function of population density, average income, and the degree of urbanization …

to move shorter rather than longer distances. White migrants were more likely to move to higher per capita income states …

. Ordinary least squares results imply that the cost of housing is positively a function of median family income, miles of …

cooling degree days, real per capita personal disposable income, and the real unit price of natural gas. Annual per …