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The 2021 Paycheck Protection Program Reboot : Loan Disbursement to Employer and Nonemployer Businesses in Minority Communities
Fairlie, Robert W.; Fossen, Frank M. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022
Was the $278 billion reboot of the $800 billion Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) in early 2021 disbursed equitably to minority communities? This paper provides the first analysis of how PPP funds were disbursed to minority communities in the third and final round of the program, which was...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012938701
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International comparisons of household saving
Poterba, James M. (contributor) - 1994
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013481012
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Defining Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship : Two Components of Business Creation
Fairlie, Robert W. - 2019
components to entrepreneurship - "opportunity" and "necessity" - the latter of which is mostly counter-cyclical. Although there … is some agreement on the conceptual distinction between these two factors driving entrepreneurship, there is little … opportunity versus necessity entrepreneurship based on the entrepreneur's prior work status (i.e. based on previous unemployment …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012480322
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Labor Laws and Innovation
Acharya, Viral V. - 2010
Stringent labor laws can provide firms a commitment device to not punish short-run failures and thereby spur their employees to pursue value-enhancing innovative activities. Using patents and citations as proxies for innovation, we identify this effect by exploiting the time-series variation...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012462173
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Who Starts a Business and Who Is Self-Employed in Germany
Fritsch, Michael; Kritikos, Alexander S.; Rusakova, Alina - DIW Berlin (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung) - 2012
entrepreneurship in Germany between 1991 and 2010, the first two decades after reunification. We investigate the socioeconomic …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009422061
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Self-Employment Dynamics across the Business Cycle: Migrants versus Natives
Constant, Amelie; Zimmermann, Klaus F. - DIW Berlin (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung) - 2004
Economically active people are either in gainful employment, are unemployed or self-employed. We are interested in the dynamics of the transitions between these states across the business cycle. It is generally perceived that employment or self-employment are absorbing states. However,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005068853
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Why Did Self-Employment Increase So Strongly in Germany?
Fritsch, Michael; Kritikos, Alexander S.; Sorgner, Alina - DIW Berlin (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung) - 2015
Germany experienced a unique rise in the level of self-employment in the first two decades following unification. Applying the non-linear Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition technique, we find that the main factors driving these changes in the overall level of self-employment are demographic...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011164333
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Do Entrepreneurs Really Earn Less?
Sorgner, Alina; Fritsch, Michael; Kritikos, Alexander - DIW Berlin (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung) - 2014
employee, while the median solo entrepreneur earns less. However, solo entrepreneurship pays for those with a university …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010961524