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The 2021 Paycheck Protection Program Reboot : Loan Disbursement to Employer and Nonemployer Businesses in Minority Communities

Fairlie, Robert W.; Fossen, Frank M. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

Was the $278 billion reboot of the $800 billion Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) in early 2021 disbursed equitably to minority communities? This paper provides the first analysis of how PPP funds were disbursed to minority communities in the third and final round of the program, which was...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012938701

Defining Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship : Two Components of Business Creation

Fairlie, Robert W. - 2019

components to entrepreneurship - "opportunity" and "necessity" - the latter of which is mostly counter-cyclical. Although there … is some agreement on the conceptual distinction between these two factors driving entrepreneurship, there is little … opportunity versus necessity entrepreneurship based on the entrepreneur's prior work status (i.e. based on previous unemployment …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012480322

Self-Employment Dynamics across the Business Cycle: Migrants versus Natives

Constant, Amelie; Zimmermann, Klaus F. - DIW Berlin (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung) - 2004

Economically active people are either in gainful employment, are unemployed or self-employed. We are interested in the dynamics of the transitions between these states across the business cycle. It is generally perceived that employment or self-employment are absorbing states. However,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005068853