efficiency as globalization was setting up. In this paper we shed light on the increasing role which innovation is called to … throughout which R&D become embedded in nowadays societies, evidence clearly reveals how innovation strategies are to be found so …

scientific and technological knowledge from manufacturing, to the marketing and the strategic management of companies that act as … protagonists of these processes. Globalization of markets is inter-connected with intensive incorporation of knowledge in economy …. This study on “R&D, Innovation and Employment Creation” for the Portuguese Observatory of Employment and Vocational …

entrepreneurship literature is that opportunities are exogenous, the most prevalent theory of innovation in the economics literature … opportunity by developing a knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship. The basic argument is that knowledge created … endogenously via R&D results in knowledge spillovers. Such spillovers give rise to opportunities to be identified and exploited by …

paradigm crisis, highlighting the strong links between the exploitation of knowledge and the accumulation of surplus. Therefore …, increasing productivity - via knowledge and network externalities - output and employment). As a result, we first point out the …

surplus from his production. At any time, the novice can leave the relationship with his acquired knowledge and produce on his … structured as an apprenticeship, in which all production generated during training is used to compensate the expert. Knowledge … transfer takes a simple form. In the first period, the expert gifts the novice a positive level of knowledge, which is …

innovation generation, transfer and implementation center, while maintaining the traditional university functions. The 3G …, potential researches and innovation customers’ amount grow. With time the amount of conducted research and developed innovative …

knowledge. Three long-term outcomes emerge. First, a "Secularization" or "Western-European" regime with declining religiosity …, unimpeded science, a passive Church and high levels of taxes and transfers. Second, a "Theocratic" regime with knowledge …

accomplish such innovations, knowledge management is a must from the front-end of the value chain until its concrete form that is …

potential suppliers generate and sell the most suitable innovation. Moreover, procurement by public agencies and large firms … consider a menu of procurement methods and policies for best procuring new knowledge and innovative products, discussing their … the degree of competition between suppliers, as well as other more practical indirect ways to stimulate innovation. We …