states. An innovation is a set of states that are not publicly known along with an asset (in a broad sense) that pays … contingent on those states. The creator of an innovation is an entrepreneur. He is represented by a probability measure on the … set of new states. All other agents perceive the innovation as ambiguous: each of them is represented by a set of …

national innovation systems. The study also analyses the factors behind this industry's poor productivity growth. A scenario …

. The business services industry has an important role in the national innovation system and in knowledge spillovers to … other industries. The innovation contribution of business services to the rest of the economy may countervail the effect of … strengthening its role in knowledge spillovers to client industries. …

geographically and function-ally. They promoted rapid innovation by resorting to systematic Research and Development ef- forts. And … innovation in the econ-omy. Hence, to the extent that policy makers strive to achieve the priorities of citizens, they are …

of analysis. Considering as unit of analysis the region of Beira Interior (Portugal), this article aims to provide a TOWS …