differences in betting odds or rankings to measure ability differences, our results support standard tournament theory as we find …

abilities. This, in turn, has adverse consequences for who might want to participate in a tournament. Since better contestants … anticipate that they will be sabotaged more strongly, it may happen that the most able stay out and the tournament selects one of …

rate, a tournament or a revenue-sharing scheme. We find that output is higher in the variable pay schemes (piece rate …, tournament, and revenue sharing) compared to the fixed payment scheme. This difference is largely driven by productivity sorting …

A standard tournament contract specifies only tournament prizes. If agents’ performance is measured on a cardinal … scale, the principal can complement the tournament contract by a gap which defines the minimum distance by which the best … performing agent must beat the second best to receive the winner prize. We analyze a tournament with two risk averse agents …

such doping within a tournament game between two heterogeneous players. Three major effects are identified which determine …

assuming the principal to be unable to commit to a certain policy at the beginning of the tournament. Our analysis shows that …