effectiveness and efficiency of national and European innovation policies. Building on the literature on the knowledge production … regions. Our main research question is whether geographical proximity and social capital are important vehicles of knowledge …

This paper examines the evolution of the returns to education in Portugal over the 1980s andearly 1990s. The main …

Innovation and technological change are central to the quest for regional development. In the globally …-connected knowledge-driven economy, the relevance of agglomeration forces that rely on proximity continues to increase, paradoxically … structure characterised by its extent of specialisation, competition and diversity, to yield innovation and productivity growth …

externalities in explaining variation in innovation rates across firms. More specifically, we combine micro-data and census data to … estimate the probability that a firm will introduce a goods, service or process innovation. We consider internal firm … agglomeration variables are only significant for a few specific sectors, and even then only for some types of innovation. …