Self-employment is often used as synonymous with entrepreneurship. We define entrepreneurship as having the ambition to … gender differences in entrepreneurship. Measured psychological characteristics can account for one third of the large gender … gap in entrepreneurship, but only one tenth of the smaller gender gap in self-employment. Men are one and a half times …

Research on entrepreneurship has received an increased amount of interest in recent years, with self-employment being … used as the most common proxy for “entrepreneurship” in empirical studies. However, there are various ways of defining self …