intensity of apprentice training as measured by the employment share of apprentices. Innovation, firm age and competition … employment, innovation activities, firm age, labour costs, capital intensity, and competitive pressures all play a positive or …

a positive impact on firm-level innovation, empirical evidence on the subject remains scarce. This study exploits … initial VET and their innovation outcomes. The results based on linear probability models and entropy balancing show that the … relationship between VET activity and innovation are more ambiguous than often postulated. Overall, the participation in initial …

' participation in initial VET on their innovation outcomes. The results based on linear probability models and instrumental variable … regressions with entropy balancing show that the impact of VET activity on innovation is more ambiguous than postulated. Overall …, the participation in initial VET has virtually no effect on product innovation and radical novelties. For the total …